The Netherlands Court of Audit published this report in March 2024 examining the Porthos carbon capture and storage (CCS) project in the Port of Rotterdam, which is the Netherlands’ first large-scale initiative to store CO₂ under the North Sea. The audit assesses the project’s contribution to the 2030 climate goal, the efficiency of public funding (including SDE++ grants), the allocation of risks and benefits between the government, Porthos, and its industrial customers (Air Liquide, Air Products, ExxonMobil, Shell), and the long-term financial implications for the public purse.